CI/CD Pipeline之Gitlab部署
一、CI/CD简介
GitLab是一个开源版本管理系统,是集代码托管,测试,部署于一体的开源git仓库管理软件,可通过web界面来进行访问公开的或私人项目。与Github类似,GitLab能够浏览代码,管理缺陷和注释。可以管理团队对仓库的访问,它非常易于浏览提交过的版本,并提供一个文件历史库。是目前非常流行好用的研发版本控制系统。
二、部署GitLab
2.1 部署环境介绍
CentOS 7.5
GitLab版本 11.5.3
清华镜像源:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7/
2.2 GitLab部署
(1)安装环境
[root@10-27-0-224 ~]# yum install curl policycoreutils openssh-server openssh-clients -y [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# yum install postfix -y [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# yum install policycoreutils-python -y
(2)修改配置
# 修改配置 [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf inet_interfaces = all # 将localhost修改成all [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# cat /etc/postfix/main.cf | grep -v '#' | grep -v '^$' queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix command_directory = /usr/sbin daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix mail_owner = postfix inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = all mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases debug_peer_level = 2 debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix setgid_group = postdrop html_directory = no manpage_directory = /usr/share/man sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.10.1/samples readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.10.1/README_FILES [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# systemctl start postfix.service [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# systemctl status postfix.service [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# systemctl enable postfix
(3)部署GitLab
# 部署方式一:RPM安装 [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7/gitlab-ce-11.5.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# rpm -i gitlab-ce-11.5.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: gitlab-ce-11.5.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID f27eab47: NOKEY It looks like GitLab has not been configured yet; skipping the upgrade script. *. *. *** *** ***** ***** .****** ******* ******** ******** ,,,,,,,,,***********,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,*********,,,,,,,,,,, .,,,,,,,,,,,*******,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,*****,,,,,,,,,. ,,,,,,,****,,,,,, .,,,***,,,, ,*,. _______ __ __ __ / ____(_) /_/ / ____ _/ /_ / / __/ / __/ / / __ `/ __ \ / /_/ / / /_/ /___/ /_/ / /_/ / \____/_/\__/_____/\__,_/_.___/ Thank you for installing GitLab! GitLab was unable to detect a valid hostname for your instance. Please configure a URL for your GitLab instance by setting `external_url` configuration in /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb file. Then, you can start your GitLab instance by running the following command: sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure For a comprehensive list of configuration options please see the Omnibus GitLab readme https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/master/README.md # 部署方式二:YUM安装 [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# curl -sS https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/gitlab/gitlab-ce/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# yum install -y gitlab-ce git
[root@10-27-0-224 ~]# vim .bash_profile # 修改环境变量 export LC_ALL="zh_CN.UTF-8" export LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8" [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# source .bash_profile
2.3 GitLab设置邮箱通知
(1)安装postfix邮件代理服务
[root@10-27-0-224 ~]# yum install postfix -y [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = ipv4 [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# systemctl enable postfix [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# systemctl start postfix
(2)配置在Gitlab注册用户时的邮件发送确认动作
[root@10-27-0-224 ~]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_from'] = '1938418737@qq.com' gitlab_rails['smtp_enable'] = true gitlab_rails['smtp_address'] = "smtp.qq.com" gitlab_rails['smtp_port'] = 465 gitlab_rails['smtp_user_name'] = "1938418737@qq.com" gitlab_rails['smtp_password'] = "xxxxxxxxx" gitlab_rails['smtp_domain'] = "smtp.qq.com" gitlab_rails['smtp_authentication'] = "login" gitlab_rails['smtp_enable_starttls_auto'] = true gitlab_rails['smtp_tls'] = true alertmanager['admin_email'] = 'starcto@163.com' # 告警管理员邮件 external_url 'http://gitlab.starcto.com'
(3)重新生成gitlab参数
[root@10-27-0-224 ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure # 初始化配置 [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# gitlab-ctl restart # 启动Gitlab,GitLab默认会占用80、8080和9090端口 ok: run: alertmanager: (pid 59245) 0s ok: run: gitaly: (pid 59261) 1s ok: run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 59272) 0s ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 59286) 1s ok: run: logrotate: (pid 59301) 0s ok: run: nginx: (pid 59307) 1s ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 59352) 0s ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 59397) 0s ok: run: postgresql: (pid 59407) 1s ok: run: prometheus: (pid 59415) 0s ok: run: redis: (pid 59425) 1s ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 59430) 0s ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 59441) 0s ok: run: unicorn: (pid 59453) 0s [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# lsof -i:80 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME nginx 59307 root 7u IPv4 505800 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 59308 gitlab-www 7u IPv4 505800 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 59309 gitlab-www 7u IPv4 505800 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# lsof -i:8080 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME bundle 59471 git 22u IPv4 506827 0t0 TCP localhost:webcache (LISTEN) bundle 59552 git 22u IPv4 506827 0t0 TCP localhost:webcache (LISTEN) bundle 59555 git 22u IPv4 506827 0t0 TCP localhost:webcache (LISTEN) bundle 59558 git 22u IPv4 506827 0t0 TCP localhost:webcache (LISTEN) [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# lsof -i:9090 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME prometheu 59415 gitlab-prometheus 6u IPv4 506906 0t0 TCP localhost:websm (LISTEN) prometheu 59415 gitlab-prometheus 7u IPv4 506911 0t0 TCP localhost:42142->localhost:websm (ESTABLISHED) prometheu 59415 gitlab-prometheus 8u IPv4 506293 0t0 TCP localhost:websm->localhost:42142 (ESTABLISHED) prometheu 59415 gitlab-prometheus 11u IPv4 506373 0t0 TCP localhost:42148->localhost:websm (ESTABLISHED) prometheu 59415 gitlab-prometheus 12u IPv4 506374 0t0 TCP localhost:websm->localhost:42148 (ESTABLISHED)
(4)设置注册GitLab用户时发送邮件确认
【注】首次访问时,会强制修改密码,默认管理员用户名是root。
2.4 GitLab汉化教程(默认已经可以选择中文简体)
(1)下载最新的汉化包,需要加上版本号
[root@10-27-0-224 ~]# git clone https://gitlab.com/xhang/gitlab.git -b v11.5.3-zh # -b指定下载分支
(2)停止GitLab服务
[root@10-27-0-224 ~]# gitlab-ctl stop ok: down: alertmanager: 0s, normally up ok: down: gitaly: 1s, normally up ok: down: gitlab-monitor: 0s, normally up ok: down: gitlab-workhorse: 0s, normally up ok: down: logrotate: 1s, normally up ok: down: nginx: 0s, normally up ok: down: node-exporter: 1s, normally up ok: down: postgres-exporter: 0s, normally up ok: down: postgresql: 1s, normally up ok: down: prometheus: 0s, normally up ok: down: redis: 0s, normally up ok: down: redis-exporter: 1s, normally up ok: down: sidekiq: 0s, normally up ok: down: unicorn: 0s, normally up
(3)将下载的文件夹内容复制到gitlab目录下
[root@10-27-0-224 ~]# cp -r -f ./gitlab/* /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/ cp: overwrite ‘/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/controllers/abuse_reports_controller.rb’? y cp: overwrite ‘/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/controllers/admin/abuse_reports_controller.rb’? y # 复制时可能不断提示是否要覆盖,这时可能是系统每次执行cp命令时,其实是执行了cp -i命令的别名。出现这种情况可以修改~/.bashrc,在“alias cp=’cp -i’”前加#注释,再刷新文件 source ~/.bashrc [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# \cp -rf ./gitlab/* /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/ # 覆盖cp
(4)重新加载配置,并启动Gitlab
[root@10-27-0-224 ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure [root@10-27-0-224 ~]# gitlab-ctl restart ok: run: alertmanager: (pid 87258) 0s ok: run: gitaly: (pid 87268) 0s ok: run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 87282) 1s ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 87295) 0s # 轻量级的反向代理服务器 ok: run: logrotate: (pid 87306) 1s # 日志文件管理工具 ok: run: nginx: (pid 87316) 0s # 静态web服务器 ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 87324) 1s ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 87330) 0s ok: run: postgresql: (pid 87412) 0s ok: run: prometheus: (pid 87420) 1s ok: run: redis: (pid 87431) 0s ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 87437) 1s ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 87443) 0s # 用于在后台执行队列任务(异步执行) ok: run: unicorn: (pid 87452) 1s # An HTTP server for Rack applications,GitLab Rails应用是托管在这个服务器上面的
(5)再次WEB访问,已经完成汉化
2.5 GitLab常用命令
gitlab-ctl start # 启动所有 gitlab 组件; gitlab-ctl stop # 停止所有 gitlab 组件; gitlab-ctl restart # 重启所有 gitlab 组件; gitlab-ctl status # 查看服务状态; gitlab-ctl reconfigure # 启动服务; vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb # 修改默认的配置文件; gitlab-rake gitlab:check SANITIZE=true --trace # 检查gitlab; gitlab-ctl tail # 查看日志;
三、GitLab使用配置
3.1 安装Git工具
[root@ansible ~]# yum install git -y
3.2 秘钥文件
(1)生成秘钥文件
[root@ansible ~]# ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:QbYXjzdAXwrdAZMnpHqRcUG3vsOrGgpKuF31Qk3O53k root@ansible The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | o.*+B=+. | | o . %+=o. | | o B *o. | | O o o | | S = . . | | . o o o o . | | . . o . o o E | | + o . o . . o | | . o . ..... | +----[SHA256]-----+
(2)查看秘钥
[root@ansible ~]# cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCYss+RVnIw226aTBvBlx/9J0693e1Bf6UkyK361vBrQ5rGhn5YjO7i7UuJKJFTS1Ei6aHAeShbvTqROrhmFz0xZF7FVpf4567/GrDdQlPsj6yluYbsqii6sEYrgw5oRF06S6FN/qJvX/qfDOymjJOQ7ER/LJwsOIRhdJnNXPYyFSg5BLywZ7/xc8OJ2drSiCN5ThgeNfh3ASUyRFdQXi7sjfBTu9auWBWyyq95TtR+wUc4EsoPBrBrZAHpzIsAoiQdk0obPaahJVQtm141/bd8Ip9dvBl5Nmqy1opHpR2p46hCWcPa0Lz2gJl/h4HUkzSLhMAk+VMIBQAe6PHNa/Tz root@ansible
3.3 配置GitLab项目
3.4 本地仓库配置
(1)配置使用Git仓库的人员姓名
[root@ansible ~]# git config --global user.name "starcto"
(2)配置使用Git仓库的人员email
[root@ansible ~]# git config --global user.email "1938418737@qq.com"
(3)克隆项目
在本地生成同名目录,并且目录中会有所有的项目文件.
[root@ansible mnt]# git clone git@gitlab.starcto.com:root/starcto.git Cloning into 'starcto'... The authenticity of host 'gitlab.starcto.com (113.31.154.220)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:YRAbXf1JrrGhh/n4aQG9oddXKpIph0q0onn97sjGF94. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:e6:69:de:d4:47:a3:99:38:6b:4b:13:da:b1:3e:09:33. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 'gitlab.starcto.com,113.31.154.220' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. remote: Enumerating objects: 3, done. remote: Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done. remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) Receiving objects: 100% (3/3), done.
3.5 推送代码到GitLab仓库
(1)本地仓库中编写代码或拷贝代码到本地仓库
[root@ansible mnt]# cd starcto/ [root@ansible starcto]# tree . └── README.md 0 directories, 1 file [root@ansible starcto]# vim backup.sh
(2)查看文件状态— 没有被git管理的文件
[root@ansible starcto]# git status
(3)文件添加到暂存区状态
[root@ansible starcto]# git add backup.sh [root@ansible starcto]# git status
(4)代码文件提交到git
[root@ansible starcto]# git commit -m"add a backup.sh" [master 770dfee] add a backup.sh 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) create mode 100644 backup.sh
(5)提交代码到远端GitLab代码托管平台
[root@ansible starcto]# git push Enumerating objects: 4, done. Counting objects: 100% (4/4), done. Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done. Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 277 bytes | 277.00 KiB/s, done. Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) To gitlab.starcto.com:root/starcto.git 799d263..770dfee master -> master
作者:UStarGao
链接:https://www.starcto.com/devops/189.html
来源:STARCTO
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。
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